The gemstones usually fall into two categories, which are priceless and of little value, although the American Gem Trade Association (AGTA) sees such diverts as deceptive and inconsistent with the lesser-known term know more to browse collection.
Precious stones
Diamonds, sapphires, emeralds and rubies are considered precious stones because of their attractive beauty, availability and durability. Some gemstones are less expensive and may not be found more often, so the label is less valuable. Some less indistinguishable distinction is between diamonds and colored stones, as there are elegant diamonds and colorless sapphires considered to be colored stones.
Amazing and unique
Diamonds are considered to be the most amazing and unique gemstones, as they are the only gemstones made of only one part (carbon) and their journey from simple graphite to glittering diamonds is long and strenuous. The hardest stone on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, diamonds are extremely rare and are therefore very expensive and capture attention. Their numbers are even higher when they come in a variety of colors, from yellow to black.
130 species of gemstones
There are more than 130 species of gemstones; diamonds, sapphires, emeralds and rubies are in high demand, hence the name gemstones. Other popular gems include:
Alexandrite
Alexandrite is a mineral chrysoberyl mineral, with a hardness of 8.5, known for its color-changing properties. Its color ranges from green or blue with daylight to red, purplish red or raspberry in incandescent light, hence the name: “emerald by day, ruby by night”. Alexandrite is a rare and expensive gemstone, named after the Russian tsar Alexander II, as it was discovered in the Russian Urals on the day the emperor grew older. It was the Russian national tsarist stone, as it reflected the red and green colors of ancient Imperial Russia. A symbol of art and imagination, Alexandrite is now found in Brazil, Sri Lanka, Zimbabwe, Burma, India and Madagascar.
Amber
Amber is not a mineral source, it is a natural source, a fossil resin containing fossils of flowers, seeds, leaves, insects and other life forms millions of years ago, giving scientists a valuable insight into early history. Soft, easily cut with a knife, with a hardness of 2.00-2.5 on the Mohs scale, brown with gold, yellow or orange in color. Aside from the texture, amber was once used in perfumes because of its pleasant aroma when rubbed and as a natural remedy for the belief that it converts negative into a positive energy.
Tons used
Six tons of amber was used to make the Amber Room, a gift given to Russian Emperor Peter the Great. Amber is very light and floats in seawater, often referred to as Northern gold, as it is found mainly on the Baltic coast.
Amethyst
Amethyst is a purple and highly sought after mineral quartz mineral with a mass of 7 on the Mohs scale. Its name is derived from the Greek word “amethystos” meaning “not to get drunk”, as it was believed that amethyst provided protection from the intoxication of alcohol. Because of its attractive purple color, amethyst is used for more expensive pieces of jewelry and easily manufactured jewelry made in bulk. Although highly sought after and has no visible visual inputs, Amethyst may produce an undesirable effect of uneven color distribution known as color design. When treated with heat, Amethyst can be converted to Citrine, a variety of reddish-brown varieties or Prasiolite, also called Green Amethyst. The birthstone of those born in February, Amethyst is also known as the Bishop’s Stone, worn by Catholic Bishops, a healing stone to end insomnia and the value of the sixth and 17th wedding anniversaries. Mining is done in Brazil, Russia, South Korea, India and USA.
Aquamarine
Aquamarine varies from blue to green beryl mineral named after the Latin seawater. It is believed that the waves calmed the waves and sailors wore them to protect them at sea. Favored for its color, high clarity and clear appearance, Aquamarine has a hardness of 7.5-8 on the Mohs scale, as well as emerald green to light blue and light blue. Aquamarine crystals tend to be larger in size and can show visible objects known as asterism (star) and conversation (cat eye effect). Both asterism and chatoyancy occur with gemstones shaped like cabochons.
Asterism refers to the effect of four, six, or twelve lighted stars reflected in a precious area as a result of light from a minute, identical needles made of titanium dioxide (rutile). Chatoyancy refers to well-defined light bands displayed across a gemstone due to the small inclusions of titanium dioxide acting differently in relation to light strands shown as a result of cat eyes. To enhance its color and make it a pure blue, Aquamarine is often treated with heat.
Birthstone
The birthstone of those born in March, Aquamarine is usually given a date to celebrate 19 years of marriage, as it is believed to make weddings happy. The leading aquamarine comes from Brazil, but has also been mined in Nigeria, Kenya, Madagascar, Russia, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Afghanistan.
Garnet
Browse collection of Garnet is not just one stone; is a family of closely related isomorphous gems found in a wide variety of colors, with a hardness of between 6.5 and 7.5 on the Mohs scale. Garnetry is named after the Latin word “granatus” which means grain or seed, similar to the pomegranate seed. The available garnet is found in red, and the rarest is Garnet blue, followed by Garnet green called tsavorite. They range from the most obvious to the opaque stones. All Garnet is found in metamorphic rocks; its crystalline structure is the same, but the chemical composition is different. Some Garnet exhibits color-changing structures such as gemstone Alexandrite. The grenades are divided into two groups.
The first group contains Garnets with second aluminum content, such as Pyrope, Almandine and Spessartine, and the second group contains Garnets with the first calcium element, such as Uvarovite, Grossular, and Andradite. The birthday stone for those born in January, the Garnets are gemstones for the second and sixth wedding celebrations. It is also known as the traveler’s stone; legend has it that Noah had a piece of Garnet in his Arc as a navigation tool. Guarantee is available in Brazil, Argentina, South Africa, Australia, Switzerland, Scotland and the USA.
